Tucumán is a province that is located in the northwestern region of Argentina, bordering with Bolivia, Paraguay, and Chile. It is also known as “El Jardín de la República” (The Garden of the Republic), because of its natural beauty and diversity. Tucumán has a varied climate, influenced by its geography, altitude, and latitude.
Features of the Climate of Tucumán
The climate of Tucumán can be classified as warm subtropical with a dry season, according to the Köppen-Geiger climate classification system. This means that the province has warm to hot temperatures, with moderate to high humidity, and a distinct dry season in winter. However, the climate also varies according to the different regions and altitudes within the province. The main regions are:
- The Eastern Plains: This region covers the eastern part of the province, where most of the population and economic activity are concentrated. It includes the capital city of San Miguel de Tucumán, and other important cities such as Yerba Buena, Tafí Viejo, and Concepción. The climate here is warm and humid, with an average annual temperature of 20°C (68°F) and an average annual rainfall of 900 mm (35 in). The summers are hot and rainy, with temperatures reaching up to 40°C (104°F) and frequent thunderstorms. The winters are mild and dry, with temperatures rarely dropping below 5°C (41°F) and occasional frosts.
- The Western Valleys: This region covers the western part of the province, where the Andes mountains rise. It includes several valleys and basins, such as Tafí del Valle, Amaicha del Valle, Quilmes, and Colalao del Valle. The climate here is temperate and semi-arid, with an average annual temperature of 15°C (59°F) and an average annual rainfall of 500 mm (20 in). The summers are warm and sunny, with temperatures ranging from 15°C (59°F) to 30°C (86°F) and occasional showers. The winters are cold and dry, with temperatures ranging from -5°C (23°F) to 15°C (59°F) and frequent snowfalls.
- The Southern Forests: This region covers the southern part of the province, where the Yungas rainforest extends. It includes several natural reserves and parks, such as Horco Molle, Calilegua, El Rey, and Baritú. The climate here is tropical and humid, with an average annual temperature of 25°C (77°F) and an average annual rainfall of 1500 mm (59 in). The summers are hot and wet, with temperatures reaching up to 45°C (113°F) and heavy rains. The winters are warm and moist, with temperatures rarely falling below 10°C (50°F) and occasional fog.
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Weather and Seasons of Tucumán
The weather and seasons of Tucumán follow the typical pattern of the Southern Hemisphere, with summer from December to March, autumn from March to June, winter from June to September, and spring from September to December. However, the weather also varies according to the different regions and altitudes within the province. Some of the general trends are:
- Summer: This is the hottest and rainiest season in Tucumán, with high temperatures and humidity, and frequent thunderstorms. The eastern plains are prone to heat waves, floods, and hailstorms. The western valleys are cooler and drier, with sunny days and occasional showers. The southern forests are very wet and hot, with heavy rains and fogs.
- Autumn: This is the most pleasant season in Tucumán, with mild temperatures and low humidity, and less rainfall. The eastern plains are warm and sunny, with colorful foliage and clear skies. The western valleys are cool and dry, with crisp mornings and starry nights. The southern forests are still moist and warm, with green vegetation and fresh air.
- Winter: This is the coldest and driest season in Tucumán, with low temperatures and humidity, and scarce rainfall. The eastern plains are mild and dry, with chilly nights and occasional frosts. The western valleys are cold and dry, with snowy peaks and frozen lakes. The southern forests are warm and humid, with mild days and occasional fogs.
- Spring: This is the most variable season in Tucumán, with changing temperatures and humidity, and more rainfall. The eastern plains are warm and humid, with spring flowers and cloudy skies. The western valleys are warm and sunny, with blooming plants and clear views. The southern forests are wet and hot, with lush vegetation and abundant wildlife.
Conclusion
Tucumán is a province that has a varied climate, influenced by its geography, altitude, and latitude. The province has warm to hot temperatures, with moderate to high humidity, and a distinct dry season in winter. The province also has different regions, with different climatic characteristics: the eastern plains, the western valleys, and the southern forests. The weather and seasons of Tucumán follow the typical pattern of the Southern Hemisphere, but also vary according to the different regions and altitudes within the province. Tucumán is a province that offers a diverse and beautiful climate, for all tastes and preferences.